1. Launch UG.
2. Click 
3. 3. Click 
4. Click 
Figure 1
5. Then edit as shown in Figure 2 to define the origin point. Then click
Figure 2
6. Click 
Figure 3
7. Click 
Figure 4 Figure 5
Figure 6
8. Click
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Autoform Main Window
Control Elements
DESCRIPTION:Information regarding the icons has been integrated by means of bubble help: Place the mouse over the icon to get the relevant information. 
Fig. 1: AutoFormUserInterface
Icon bar, Right bar and Bottom bar can be switched on/off using the functions of the Window menu or
the respective shortcuts I for Icon bar and W for both Right bar and Bottom bar.
Opening Dialogs by Double Click (Incremental and Hydro)
Fig. 2: Opening dialogs by double click
1. Results variables in the menu Results
Double click the name of the currently selected results variable (i.e. Thickness [mm]).
2. Min/Max Editor in the menu Results
Double click the minimum or maximum value of the currently selected result variable (i.e. 1 and 1.8).
3. Color Scale Editor in the menu Display
Double click in the color scale.
4. Operations in the menu Time
Double click on the number of the current operation (i.e. 50).
5. Process steps in the menu Time
Double click the name of the current process step (i.e. forming).
6. Time steps in the menu Time
Double click the currently displayed time value next to the time scale (i.e. 2984.071).
Opening Dialogs by Double Click (OneStep)
1. Results variables in the menu Results
Double click the name of the currently selected results variable (i.e. Thickness [mm]).
2. Color Scale Editor in the menu Display
Double click in the color scale.
3. Min/Max Editor in the menu Results
Double click the minimum or maximum value of the currently selected result variable (i.e. 0.5 and 0.9).
Mouse Buttons DESCRIPTION
Left Mouse Button
Ctrl +
Shft +
Middle Mouse Button
Click
Ctrl +
Shift +
Right Mouse Button
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1. Don’t merge nodes before all the meshing is done. In case you sticked nodes and you want to destroy geometry, you have to unlink all nodes from the geometry you want to destroy before.
2. There is no undo. Save your work before you do more extensive actions. Alternatively, you can stop the software, edit the file SYSTUS.ESP, delete the lines with the commands you don’t want, save the file under the name RUN.ESP (just an example), start the software again and run the file RUN.ESP.
3. If a volume can’t be meshed, list it and find the basic domain of the volume which is used to create the volume. Then try to mesh this domain. If it works, the volume can be meshed then, with an existing mesh on the basic domain. If the basic domain can’t be meshed, you have to modify it until it can be meshed.
4. If the names of the entities you want to display are not displayed, even if the names button is activated, erase these entities from screen, type defi /nam acti and display them again
5. If you save a database *.MOS, it can take some time due to the saving of the file *.hmf. If you want to avoid that, save the database as *.MOC and rename it to *.MOS with your explorer. Since version 2000, the storage of the file *.hmf can be switched of.
6. Before you write the input file for the solver, try to delete all nodes. Free nodes without elements are then deleted, connected nodes not
7. There is a difference between a surface and a domain. The domain can be meshed, the surface not. In general FEM technology, the domain is the to be meshed area which you trim on a surface, which can be bigger then the domain to be meshed. In case of simple domains (translation, rotation etc.) the area of the domain is the same as the area of the surface where the domain is trimmed on. In the general case, the surface has not the same area as the domain
8. In a CAD-system, edges must be not closed, that means the end point of one lineic entity must be not the same as the start point of the following linieic entity. In SYSWELD, this is not the case, the points have to be sticked, else the edges are not closed and thus can’t be created
9. Please don’t use closed circles. This creates sometimes problems with the mesh generator. Closed circles exist to grant a compatibility to IGES files; Once you loaded them, you should switch them into two semi-circles.
10. If you have a low amount of workspace (RAM) and you do large actions like symmetry copies, you should store the database afterwards, quit the software, restart it and reload the stored file. In case that you have a large amount of workspace, this is not necessary
11. In case you load an IGES file you should start it and check the numerical precision of this file. Then you interrupt this loading and set the system internal sticking distance to 10 times of the sticking distance that has been given as numerical precision of the IGES file (>defi /sep value). Then you can load the IGES file and accept the numerical precision given
12. Please don’t use polylines. If you have to use them , don’t stick nodes before you finished the modeling. There is sometimes a database problem with these entities. This problem will be fixed.
13. If you have loaded an IGES file, you should erase the screen an display all splines and all points that constitute the splines. A good spline is a spline where the trimming points have more or less equidistant distance. A bad spline is a spline where there is a point at the beginning and at the end, and 100 trimming points in the middle with a very low distance of the points. All the preprocessor is done in single precision (all the solver is in double precision), and such splines create numerical problems in the mesh generator. To avoid such problems, you can create splines with equidistant distance on existing splines, and then destroy the original ones. If you want to avoid further problems, it is mandatory to destroy the bad splines.
14. To create ruled surfaces / domains, all lineic entities should point in the same direction.
15. To create ruled volumes, all lineic entities should have the same running direction, and a spline through the starting points of the edges should be not twisted.
# Set the tolerance to merge nodes to a value which
# is about 10 times coarser then the precision given
# from the iges file. This is the magic key when
# loading iges files. Edges which have been accepted
# as closed in CAD systems which don’t need a common
# point at the end of a lineic entity and at the
# beginning of the next lineic entity are then also
# accepted as closed in Sysweld. If this is not the case
# edges are not created during loading, and as a
# consequence, also the geometric entities not which
# are based on these edges. In case of doubt you should
# try different values and just compare the number of
# entities in the database at the end (>info /nbr)
DEFI /SEP 0.01
RETR WHEEL.IGS
# load an iges file. Center the image
.10000E-02
# Create lines as basis for closed edges. Zoom on
# the needed points before
LINE P24 P31
LINE P14 P13
# Create edges from lineic entities that form a closed
# circuit. Click only the first line, the others will be
# proposed by the software
# Switch of the display of points before (click mode,..)
#
CNTR L25 CB19 L15 L16 CB17 CB18 L14 L13 CB16
CNTR L17 CB21 L19 CB29 L18 CB10
CNTR L26 CB3 L5 L6 L7 L8 CB4
#
# Display all the structure (center). Switch off the
# display of the names of lines and B-splines
#
# Delete then all the garbage that is not needed any
# more out of the database. Make use of the hierarchical
# structure of the database. Points, lines and B-splines
# which constitute the edges can’t be deleted until the
# edges are deleted. So if you enter dele /lin, only the
# lines are deleted which are at the end of an
# hierarchical list
dele /cbsp
Y
#
dele /lin
Y
#
dele /poi
Y
# Now you save the data. Not in the usual manner but
# as file *.MOC. Seen from it’s content, it is exactly
# the same as a *.MOS file. However, when you load it,
# it’s content is added to the existing structure, by
# re-arranging the data structure.
# For cleaning an IGES file, we are using this feature
# If we load later on the file CLEAN_IGS.MOC we are
# saving now in an empty database, we have what we
# need to go on in an optimized data structure, and
# all the garbage is gone.
# If you are a person which wants to work always
# with a perfectly organized database, it is a good
# working style to save always a database as *.MOC
# and reload it in an empty workspace. If you want
# to increase the loading speed in case of big
# databases later on, you just rename it in *.MOS
# on the level of the operating system.
#
SAVE CLEAN_IGS.MOC
# Now you delete the workspace of the pre-processor
# Please keep in mind that there is a difference
# between the button ‘erase’ and ‘destroy’. ‘destroy’
# really destroys data stored in the workspace,
# while ‘erase’ clears only the screen or selected
# entities.
# The database has been deleted before, so it is
# not lost. However, the workspace is empty!
DELE /ALL
Y
# If a *.MOC file is loaded, it’s data is added to
# the existing data in the workspace. The position
# of the origin of the system of coordinates has to
# be given, and a transformation matrix. Thus,
# new parts can be loaded to the existing database
# in any position in space. If you want to load it at
# the initial position, you just hit return for the
# defaults
#
RETR CLEAN_IGS.MOC
0.00000E+00
0.00000E+00
0.00000E+00
0.10000E+01
0.00000E+00
0.00000E+00
0.00000E+00
0.10000E+01
0.00000E+00
0.00000E+00
0.00000E+00
0.10000E+01
# Now a database CLEAN_IGS.MOS is saved, having
# clean and optimized data structure
# save CLEAN_IGS
more
# The final goal is to get a good solid mesh for
# quenching. Thus, domains are created from edges,
# and volumes are created from the domains.
# One existing edge is not good regarding the final
# mesh, so you have to modify it. This is done right
# now
#
# Show the entities you need to do the work
SHOW F1
SHOW /1DS /CON F1
SHOW /POI /CON L5 L6
SHOW /POI /CON CB6 CB5
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1. From your Development Class, choose the Create button, 
Choose Dictionary objects.
2. From the Dictionary objects list, choose View, then type in a name for the view. Finally, click on the Create button.
Finally, click on the Create button.
3. Choose a View Type. If the desired fields are from multiple tables, choose DATABASE as the view type. If the desired fields are from a single table, choose PROJECTION as the view type.
4. DATABASE views may require additional tables.
5. Click off each field you wish to include in your view, then click the copy button.
6. The following screen appears, showing the selected fields.
span style=';mso-ignore:vglayout;z-index:5'
Click this button to see a list of all secondary tables that already have a Foreign Key relationship built into the primary table.
This menu allows you to set some of the CNC output features. (Figure 12)
Figure 12
a) Distance Above Surface
The distance the bit will travel above the material when it is moving between shapes.
b) Prefix
This is a list of commands to be placed at the beginning of the CNC file. (Example: M3 – Spindle On).
c) Suffix
This is a list of commands to be placed at the end of the CNC file. (Example: M5 – Spindle Off).
This is a list of the last four files used by TPCWin.
This allows you to close TPCWin. When TPCWin is closed, any automatic downloading of files to the machine is suspended.
This drop down menu has options that deal with creating a toolpath for the currently loaded design file. (Figure 13)
Figure 13
Allows you to undo the previous selection.
Allows you to redo the previous undone selection.
In order to create a toolpath that will operate properly on the router table and cut the part in a desired fashion, three aspects need to be taken into account. (1) Normally all toolpaths are closed. (2) Inside shapes need to be cut before the outside shape. (3) It is highly recommended inside shapes are cut clockwise while outside shapes are cut counter-clockwise. This is because the compensation is measured from the right side of the cut, and the quality of the cut is best when cut in these directions. (Figure 14)
Figure 14
a) Plot Errors and Warnings
TPCWin will pick up any errors or mistakes related to the three aspects of analyzing a toolpath in the current design file. To fix these errors and warnings, simply click on ‘Close Shapes’ or ‘Fix Errors’.
b) Tool Path Analysis
Optimizing a toolpath will allow TPCWin to select a cutting sequence with the shortest travel distance.
The Layout feature allows you to tell TPCWin the size and depth of the material, the position of the part on the material, and other options such as mirroring, rotating, and arraying. (Figure 15)
Figure 15
a) Job Size / Scaling
The default values are determined by the size of the design job that is loaded into TPCWin. If you want to change the size of the job (Re-Scale the job), you can enter the desired value of the X or Y. TPCWin will calculate the opposite value. You may then have to click the ‘Minimum’ button to re-size the material, depending on whether or not the job size has been increased or decreased.
b) Material Size
This is the size and thickness of the material you will be cutting. Selecting ‘Minimum’ will determine the minimum size of material needed to cut the currently loaded design.
c) Job Layout
The origin of the job can be positioned anywhere on the material. These are the options for positioning the job.
Left
(Default) The job will be positioned to the lower left corner of the material.
Right
The job will be positioned to the lower right corner of the material.
Center
The job will be positioned in the center of the material.
CAD Origin
The (0,0) coordinate from the original CAD drawing will be considered the lower left corner of the material and all other coordinates will be relative to the CAD origin. NOTE: The ‘Automatic (Bottom Left)’ setting in the CNC, DXF, or HPGL format menu must NOT be checked when using the CAD Origin option. If checked, the CAD Origin will not change from X=0, Y=0. In addition, if ‘Automatic (Bottom Left)’ is changed from ‘checked’ to ‘not checked’, the ‘Revert to Original’ option needs to be selected before a change will occur.
Pick
You may also enter the X and Y coordinates you wish you use as the origin.
d) Rotation
The job may be rotated 90, 180, or 270 degrees from its current position.
e) Mirroring
The job may be mirrored along the X-axis or the Y-axis. However, the direction of the cutting is also mirrored.
f) Arrays
If you wish to cut a number of pieces out of a single piece of material, you may repeat the job in rows and columns. The number of rows and
columns can be entered into TPCWin. Alternatively, the ‘Fill’ option may be used to automatically fit as many pieces onto the material as possible. The spacing used between the pieces you are cutting should not be smaller than the diameter of your tool.
The splitting option allows you to cut a piece of material that is too large for the table. To split a job into multiple parts, click on ‘Add’, and then click the position of the job where you wish to split it (Must be on the 2D view). A job can be split into as many parts as you would like and can be moved by dragging it with the mouse. To delete a split, click on its position in the ‘Splitting’ menu, once highlighted, click on delete. Once the job has been transmitted to the table, the CMC controller will know to pause after a section is done. The message ‘Page Material x.xx”’ will appear on the subconsole. Once the material has been moved the required distance,
press the ‘START’ button and the controller will continue to the next section. (Figure 16)
Figure 16
This menu allows you to edit the properties (direction, starting point, etc.) of each shape. (Figure 17)
Figure 17
a) Arrow Buttons
You can move through the shapes in either direction one at a time or ten at a time.
b) Delete
Removes a shape from the sequence of shapes to be cut. NOTE: Once a shape has been deleted, you must select ‘Revert to Original’ in order to be able to use that shape again.
c) Reverse
Switches the shape from an inside cut to an outside cut and vise-a-versa. In addition, by reversing the cut, you are reversing the side of the cutter compensation and the direction of the cut.
d) Move Start Point
The start point of a shape can be moved to any corner on the shape. The arrow buttons can be used to move the start point around the shape. Alternatively ‘Start Mouse’ can be turned on and the starting point is selected using the mouse (and the 2D-view drawing).
e) Change Group
The group number of each shape can also be selected. To move a shape from one group to another, click on the direction arrow and the group number of the shape will increase or decrease by one.
Groups are used to arrange shapes by the tool needed to cut them, bit size, depth, etc. There can be an unlimited number of groups in a TPCWin job. Groups 1-11 are each designated their own group color. Groups 12 and up are all given the color black. (Figure 18) NOTE: To edit the properties of a group, you can click on the group using this menu or on the group number icon along the right-hand side of the screen. The editing properties of a group are explained in the Group Status Bar section 8 of this manual.
Figure 18
a) Add/Delete
This allows you to add and delete groups.
The sequence menu allows you to change the actual cutting order of all the shapes in a design. The shapes usually default to inside shapes cut before outside shapes, then to the order they were drawn in. (Figure 19)
Figure 19
a) Arrow Buttons
You can move through the shapes with the arrow buttons in the sequence menu. The shape currently highlighted is the selected shape. The single arrow button will move you one shape ahead; the double arrow button moves you ten shapes ahead.
b) + / - Buttons
The ‘+’ and ‘-‘ buttons will move the current shape selected one forward or one back in the sequence.
c) Assign
You can also directly assign the currently selected shape a specific number. Enter the sequence number desired for the shape and click ‘Assign’. The ‘Assign’ number will automatically increase by one every time a shape is assigned a number. NOTE: Every shape does not need to be assigned a number in the sequence. If the user does not assign a sequence number to a shape, it simply remains at its default number.
d) Lock Traversal and Sequencing to Shapes Using the Current Tool
When this option is checked as you move through the shapes to re-sequence them, only shapes using the same tool as the original shape (shape first selected) will be allowed to be chosen.
When not checked, TPCWin will move through the shapes regardless of the tool being used.
NOTE: This option only affects the shapes according to the tool being used, and not the group they are in.
These settings affect the way TPCWin will handle certain file management questions.
a) General
The units setting allow you to change the units TPCWin will operate in. The default is inches, but may be changed to mm or cm. This units setting also affects the setting the table will operate in.
b) Dialog Defaults
Dialog defaults to commonly asked file management questions. The following three questions can be enabled to look at the default rather than asking the user to answer the question. A default of ‘Yes’ or ‘No’ can then be selected for each question. (Figure 20) Dialog defaults available are:
Figure 20
File Already Exists On Controller. Overwrite?
File Already Exists In Complete Directory. Overwrite?
Press ‘OK’ to Delete the Plot File, or ‘Cancel’ to Stop Monitoring.
The view menu allows you to change the views (2D & 3D) as well as turn certain options on and off.
The 2D-view menu allows the user to make a variety of changes to the 2D view. This includes enabling and disabling the toolpaths, starting points, and other features on all the shapes in the design. (Figure 21) NOTE: A full description of the actual 2D-view design is discussed in section 6. This part of the manual deals with the 2D-view menu.
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Figure 67
39.Select the sketch as shown in figure 1 then click 
Figure 68
Figure 69
40. Click the 
Figure 70
41. Click
Figure 71
Figure 72
42. Select the sketch as shown in figure 72 then click
Figure 73
Figure 74
43. Click the 
Figure 75
Figure 76
44. click the 
Figure 77
Figure 78
45. click the 
Figure 79
Figure 80
46. click the 
Figure 81
47. click the 
Figure 82
48.Click
Figure 84
Figure 85
49. Select the sketch as shown in figure 85 then click
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