•Unsteady, irregular
(non-periodic) motion in which transported quantities (mass, momentum, scalar
species) fluctuate in time
and space
–Identifiable
swirling patterns characterize turbulent eddies
–Enhanced mixing
(matter, momentum, energy, etc.) results
–
•Fluid properties and
velocity exhibit random variations
–Statistical
averaging results in accountable, turbulence related transport mechanisms
–This
characteristic allows for turbulence modeling
–
•Contains a wide range of
turbulent eddy sizes (scales spectrum)
–The
size/velocity of large eddies is on the order of the mean flow
•Large eddies derive energy from the mean flow
–Energy is
transferred from larger eddies to smaller eddies
•In the smallest eddies, turbulent energy is converted to
internal energy by viscous dissipation
•Flows can be characterized
by the Reynolds Number, Re
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